For almost 30 years, ChemRisk^® scientists have been involved in both developing and applying low-dose extrapolation models. Beginning in the 1980s, our scientists were actively part of the debate regarding when these models (and which ones) might be useful for predicting the risk of human disease following exposure to both carcinogens and non-carcinogens.

Today, we can apply any of the popular models to virtually any data set. More importantly, however, and unlike nearly any other firm, we can perform simulation studies that will illustrate the sensitivity of the models. We often can combine these low-dose extrapolation models with PB-PK models so that the dose portion of the model is based on the dose to the target organ, rather than the administered dose. The results can vastly improve the predictive power of classic approaches such as the linearized multistage model (LMS) or the weibull model.